Class 7 · 7th standard · 2026-27

Class 7 Science worksheets, free, with every answer on the page

Three free Class 7 Science worksheets, with every question and every answer printed on this page rather than behind a download. Class 7 is the year Science stops asking what things are and starts asking how they work, which turns nearly every answer into a two-part one - name the thing, then say what it does. These sheets practise the second half, because that is the half children leave out, and every exercise opens with one question worked through in full.

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3 worksheets · 94 questions · every answer on the page · no sign-up · aligned to NCERT's Class 7 Science book is Curiosity. Schools also use their own texts, so these sheets are written to the reasoning rather than to one book's chapter order.

What these practise

Photosynthesis: what it needs, what it produces, and what stops it
The role of chlorophyll, stomata and roots rather than only their names
Modes of nutrition: autotrophic, parasitic, saprotrophic, insectivorous, symbiotic
Indicators - litmus, turmeric and china rose - in acids and in bases
Identifying an unknown substance from an indicator result
Neutralisation, and the everyday situations it explains
Conduction, convection and radiation, and how to tell which is which
Conductors and insulators, and why trapped air matters
Clinical and laboratory thermometers, and why their ranges differ

Last updated 2026-07-28

Free, with answers

The worksheets themselves

Every question is on this page, and so is every answer. Nothing is behind a sign-up, and there is no file to download unless you want one - use the print button on any sheet to save it as a PDF.

practice · medium · 25 min

Nutrition in plants

Class 7 Science · Nutrition in plants · 31 questions with answers

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This chapter is where Science stops asking what something is and starts asking what it does and why. Nearly every mark is a two-part answer - name the thing, then say what it does. These questions are built to make that second half habitual, because it is the half children reliably leave out.

States what photosynthesis needs and what it produces
Explains the role of chlorophyll, stomata and root hairs rather than only naming them
Distinguishes autotrophic, parasitic, saprotrophic, insectivorous and symbiotic nutrition
Predicts what happens when one requirement is removed

Exercise 1 of 3 · 12 questions

Name the part or substance, then say what it does. Both halves.

Write the answer · Warm-up

Here’s one done for you

Chlorophyll → the green pigment in leaves, which captures the energy of sunlight so it can be used to make food. Naming it is half the answer. In Class 7 the mark is almost always on the second half, so if your child's answer stops after the name, the question has not been answered yet.

1)Chlorophyll
2)Stomata
3)Roots
4)Sunlight
5)Carbon dioxide
6)Starch in a leaf
7)Oxygen
8)Water
9)Xylem
10)Guard cells
11)Nitrogen
12)Rhizobium

Answers

1) The green pigment in leaves. It captures the energy of sunlight so it can be used to make food.
2) Tiny pores on the surface of the leaf. They let carbon dioxide in and oxygen and water vapour out.
3) The underground part of the plant. They absorb water and minerals from the soil and carry them up to the leaf.
4) The energy source. Photosynthesis cannot happen without it, which is why the process stops at night.
5) One of the two raw materials. It enters the leaf through the stomata and supplies the carbon in the food made.
6) The food the plant has stored. Its presence is what the iodine test detects, turning the leaf blue-black.
7) A gas given out during photosynthesis. It leaves through the stomata and is the oxygen animals breathe in.
8) The second raw material. It is absorbed by the roots and carried to the leaf, where it is split using light energy.
9) The tissue that carries water and minerals. It moves them from the roots up the stem to the leaves.
10) The pair of cells around each stoma. They swell and shrink to open and close the pore, controlling water loss.
11) A mineral nutrient plants need to make proteins. Plants cannot take it from the air, so it must come from the soil.
12) A bacterium living in the root nodules of pulses. It converts nitrogen from the air into a form the plant can use.

Exercise 2 of 3 · 11 questions

Name the mode of nutrition, and give the reason.

Write the answer · Guided

Here’s one done for you

The pitcher plant is insectivorous - and the reason matters more than the label. It is green and does photosynthesise, so it is not a parasite; it traps insects because it grows in soil poor in nitrogen. Children often write 'it eats insects because it cannot make food', which is a common answer and not a correct one.

1)Cuscuta (amarbel) growing on a hedge
2)A mushroom growing on a rotting log
3)The pitcher plant
4)Rhizobium living in the root nodules of a pea plant
5)A mango tree
6)The Venus flytrap
7)A tapeworm in the human intestine
8)Lichen - an alga and a fungus living together
9)Bread mould growing on stale bread
10)A green algae in a pond
11)Cuscuta compared with a pitcher plant

Answers

1) Parasitic. It has no chlorophyll, so it takes ready-made food from the plant it grows on, which is harmed.
2) Saprotrophic. It secretes digestive juices onto dead and decaying matter and absorbs the dissolved nutrients.
3) Insectivorous. It makes its own food by photosynthesis but traps insects to get the nitrogen its soil does not supply.
4) Symbiotic. The bacterium fixes nitrogen the plant can use, and the plant gives it food and shelter - both benefit.
5) Autotrophic. It has chlorophyll and makes its own food from carbon dioxide and water using sunlight.
6) Insectivorous. It photosynthesises but traps insects for nitrogen, because the soil it grows in is poor in it.
7) Parasitic. It absorbs digested food from the host's intestine and gives nothing in return, harming the host.
8) Symbiotic. The alga makes food by photosynthesis and the fungus provides shelter and absorbs water - both gain.
9) Saprotrophic. It secretes digestive juices onto the dead bread and absorbs the dissolved nutrients.
10) Autotrophic. It contains chlorophyll and makes its own food using sunlight.
11) Both lack a full supply of something. Cuscuta is parasitic and has no chlorophyll at all, while the pitcher plant is insectivorous and photosynthesises normally but is short of nitrogen.

Exercise 3 of 3 · 8 questions

Answer in two or three sentences.

Write the answer · Practice

Here’s one done for you

The greased leaves: the plant weakens, because grease blocks the stomata, so carbon dioxide cannot get in. Notice the shape - what happens, then the mechanism, then why the mechanism matters. Almost every 'what would happen if' question in Class 7 Science wants those three, and it is worth counting them off before writing.

1)A potted plant is kept in a dark cupboard for a week. What happens to it, and why?
2)Why do farmers add manure and fertilisers to the soil?
3)Why is photosynthesis important for animals as well as for plants?
4)The leaves of a plant are smeared thickly with grease. What happens, and why?
5)Why is a leaf boiled in alcohol before the iodine test?
6)Why are pulses often grown in rotation with other crops?
7)Why do desert plants photosynthesise mainly through their stems?
8)Why does a plant kept in a sealed jar with no carbon dioxide stop growing, even in bright light?

Answers

1) It turns pale and eventually dies. Without sunlight it cannot photosynthesise, so it makes no food, and once the stored food runs out it has no source of energy.
2) Because plants take mineral nutrients such as nitrogen from the soil, and repeated cropping uses them up. Manure and fertilisers put those nutrients back so the soil can support the next crop.
3) Because animals cannot make their own food and depend, directly or indirectly, on plants for it. Photosynthesis is also the process that releases the oxygen animals need to breathe.
4) The plant cannot photosynthesise properly and will weaken. Grease blocks the stomata, so carbon dioxide cannot enter the leaf and oxygen and water vapour cannot leave it.
5) Because alcohol removes the green chlorophyll from the leaf. Without that colour removed, the blue-black of the iodine test could not be seen against the green.
6) Because pulses have Rhizobium in their root nodules, which puts nitrogen back into the soil. That restores what the previous crop took out, so less fertiliser is needed.
7) Because their leaves are reduced to spines to cut down water loss. The stem takes over the job, holding the chlorophyll and doing the photosynthesis instead.
8) Because carbon dioxide is one of the two raw materials of photosynthesis. With light and water but no carbon dioxide, the plant cannot make food, so it has no source of energy to grow.

While your child works

One question does most of the work here: 'and what does it do?' Ask it every time an answer stops at a name.
The 'what would happen if' questions are the real test of the chapter. A child who can do those has understood photosynthesis rather than memorised it.
Diagrams are marked on labels. A leaf drawn beautifully with three labels scores less than a rough one with seven.

Open the Nutrition in plants worksheet on its own page

practice · medium · 25 min

Acids, bases and salts

Class 7 Science · Acids, bases and salts · 32 questions with answers

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This chapter looks like memory work and is not. Two things carry nearly all the marks: knowing which indicator does what, and being able to explain a neutralisation in an everyday situation - an ant sting, an acidic field, indigestion. These questions build up to exactly those.

Predicts what each indicator does in an acid and in a base
Explains what neutralisation is and what it produces
Applies neutralisation to everyday situations and gives the reason
Reads an indicator result backwards to identify an unknown substance

Exercise 1 of 3 · 12 questions

What happens? Give the colour or the observation.

Write the answer · Warm-up

Here’s one done for you

Blue litmus in lemon juice → red, because lemon juice is acidic. The pattern worth fixing: acids turn blue litmus red, bases turn red litmus blue, and a neutral substance changes neither. Everything else in this chapter is a second indicator layered on top of that one rule.

1)Blue litmus paper dipped in lemon juice
2)Red litmus paper dipped in soap solution
3)Turmeric paper touched with soap solution
4)Blue litmus paper dipped in distilled water
5)China rose indicator added to a dilute acid
6)China rose indicator added to a dilute base
7)Turmeric paper dipped in lemon juice
8)Red litmus paper dipped in vinegar
9)Blue litmus paper dipped in lime water
10)China rose indicator added to distilled water
11)Red litmus paper dipped in a solution of washing soda
12)Blue litmus paper dipped in a solution of common salt

Answers

1) It turns red, because lemon juice is acidic.
2) It turns blue, because soap solution is basic.
3) It turns red, which is why a turmeric stain turns red when soap is rubbed on it.
4) No change. Distilled water is neutral, so neither litmus paper changes colour.
5) It turns dark pink or magenta.
6) It turns green.
7) No change. Turmeric stays yellow in an acid and only turns red in a base.
8) No change. Red litmus stays red in an acid.
9) No change. It stays blue, because lime water is basic and blue litmus only turns red in an acid.
10) No change from its own pink colour, because distilled water is neutral.
11) It turns blue, because washing soda solution is basic.
12) No change. Salt solution is neutral, so neither litmus paper changes.

Exercise 2 of 3 · 12 questions

Acidic, basic or neutral? Say how you know.

Write the answer · Guided

Here’s one done for you

Curd is acidic, and the second half is the mark: it contains lactic acid and turns blue litmus red. 'Acidic' by itself is a guess as far as the examiner can tell. Saying which acid, or which indicator test proves it, is what turns a guess into an answer.

1)Curd
2)Baking soda solution
3)Common salt solution
4)Lime water
5)Vinegar
6)A solution that turns turmeric paper red
7)Lemon juice
8)Milk of magnesia
9)Distilled water
10)Tamarind water
11)A solution that leaves both litmus papers unchanged
12)Ammonia solution

Answers

1) Acidic. It contains lactic acid and turns blue litmus red.
2) Basic. It turns red litmus blue and is used to relieve the acidity of an ant sting.
3) Neutral. It changes neither litmus paper, because it is the salt formed from a strong acid and a strong base.
4) Basic. It turns red litmus blue, and is calcium hydroxide dissolved in water.
5) Acidic. It contains acetic acid and turns blue litmus red.
6) Basic. Turmeric turns red only in a base, which is why soap does it and lemon juice does not.
7) Acidic. It contains citric acid and turns blue litmus red.
8) Basic. It is magnesium hydroxide, turns red litmus blue, and is used as an antacid.
9) Neutral. It changes neither litmus paper.
10) Acidic. It contains tartaric acid and turns blue litmus red.
11) Neutral. Only an acid or a base changes litmus, so a substance that changes neither is neutral.
12) Basic. It turns red litmus blue and is used in cleaning products.

Exercise 3 of 3 · 8 questions

Explain in two or three sentences. Name the substance used and say why it works.

Write the answer · Practice

Here’s one done for you

The antacid: the stomach makes hydrochloric acid, an excess of it causes pain, and an antacid is a mild base that neutralises it. Every question in this exercise is the same shape - name the acid or base involved, name what is added, and say that one neutralises the other. Once your child sees that all five are one question, the chapter stops being memory work.

1)Why does taking an antacid relieve indigestion?
2)An ant sting causes burning. What helps, and why?
3)A farmer's field is too acidic for a crop. What should be added, and why?
4)Factory waste is often treated before it is released into a river. Why?
5)Why does a turmeric stain on a white shirt turn red when soap is rubbed on it?
6)Why is a bee sting treated differently from a wasp sting?
7)Why does adding too much base to an acid not simply make it neutral?
8)Why is neutralisation described as giving out heat?

Answers

1) The stomach produces hydrochloric acid to digest food, and too much of it causes pain. An antacid such as milk of magnesia is a mild base, so it neutralises the excess acid and the pain stops.
2) The sting injects formic acid, which is what burns. Rubbing on baking soda, a mild base, neutralises the acid and relieves the burning.
3) Quicklime or slaked lime, both of which are basic. They neutralise the excess acid in the soil and bring it back to a level the crop can grow in.
4) Because the waste is often acidic and would harm the fish and plants in the river. It is neutralised with a base first, so that what is released is no longer acidic.
5) Because soap is basic, and turmeric acts as an indicator that turns red in a base. Rinsing the shirt with plenty of water removes the soap and the red colour goes.
6) A bee sting injects an acid, so a mild base such as baking soda relieves it. A wasp sting is alkaline, so a mild acid such as vinegar is used instead - the wrong one would make it worse.
7) Because once the acid is used up, any extra base is left over. The solution then becomes basic rather than neutral, so the amounts have to match.
8) Because the reaction between an acid and a base releases energy as heat. That is why the container feels warm during a neutralisation.

While your child works

Ask 'which acid?' or 'which base?' after every answer. Naming the substance is usually where the mark sits.
The neutralisation questions are all the same question in five costumes. Point that out once and the chapter gets much smaller.
Turmeric and soap is a two-minute kitchen experiment and children remember it for years. Worth doing before the sheet rather than after.

Open the Acids, bases and salts worksheet on its own page

practice · medium · 25 min

Heat and its transfer

Class 7 Science · Heat · 31 questions with answers

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Heat is the friendliest chapter in Class 7 Science because every answer is something a child has already seen - a hot handle, a woollen sweater, a sea breeze. The difficulty is only in naming the mode of transfer and saying why that one. These questions do both, every time.

Distinguishes conduction, convection and radiation and gives the reason
Explains why some materials are conductors and others insulators
Reads and compares a clinical and a laboratory thermometer
Explains an everyday observation in terms of heat transfer

Exercise 1 of 3 · 10 questions

Which mode of heat transfer, and why that one?

Write the answer · Warm-up

Here’s one done for you

The steel spoon → conduction, because the heat travels through the solid metal from the hot end to the cooler end. The mode is the easy half. Naming what is carrying the heat - a solid, a moving fluid, or nothing at all - is the half that is marked, and it is the half children leave out.

1)The handle of a steel spoon left in hot tea becomes warm
2)Water at the top of a pan gets hot although the flame is below
3)You feel warm standing near a fire without touching it
4)The heat of the Sun reaching the Earth
5)A room warming up when a heater is switched on
6)The bottom of a kettle becoming hot before the water does
7)Air near a hot radiator rising towards the ceiling
8)Feeling the heat of a bonfire on your face
9)A metal chair feeling colder than a wooden one in the same room
10)Warm air escaping through an open window at the top of a room

Answers

1) Conduction, because the heat travels through the solid metal from the hot end to the cooler end.
2) Convection, because the heated water rises and the cooler water sinks, setting up a current that carries heat through the liquid.
3) Radiation, because the heat reaches you directly without heating the air in between.
4) Radiation, because there is no material medium in space, and radiation is the only mode that does not need one.
5) Mainly convection - the warmed air rises and cooler air moves in - with some radiation from the heater itself.
6) Conduction, because heat passes through the solid metal base directly from the flame.
7) Convection, because the warmed air becomes lighter and rises while cooler air sinks to replace it.
8) Radiation, because the heat travels to you directly without needing the air in between to carry it.
9) Conduction, because metal conducts heat away from your skin far faster than wood does, so it feels colder at the same temperature.
10) Convection, because the warm air is lighter and rises, carrying heat out with it.

Exercise 2 of 3 · 12 questions

Conductor or insulator? One sentence saying how you know.

Write the answer · Guided

Here’s one done for you

Wool is an insulator - and the reason is worth getting right. Wool itself is not especially remarkable; what keeps you warm is the air trapped between its fibres, and air is a poor conductor. A child who says 'wool is warm' has described the effect rather than explained it.

1)Copper
2)Wood
3)Air
4)Aluminium
5)Wool
6)Plastic
7)Silver
8)Cotton cloth
9)Iron
10)Glass
11)Water
12)Brass

Answers

1) Conductor. Metals let heat pass through them easily, which is why pans are made of them.
2) Insulator. Heat passes through it very slowly, which is why wooden handles and ladles stay cool.
3) Insulator. Air is a poor conductor, which is why trapped air keeps things warm.
4) Conductor. It is a metal, and heat travels through it quickly.
5) Insulator. Wool traps a lot of air, and it is the trapped air that keeps the heat in.
6) Insulator. It does not let heat pass easily, which is why handles and switches are made of it.
7) Conductor. It is the best metallic conductor of heat, though it is too costly for everyday use.
8) Insulator. It traps air between its fibres, and it is that trapped air that slows the heat.
9) Conductor. It is a metal and heat passes through it readily.
10) Insulator. Heat travels through glass slowly, which is why a glass handle does not get hot quickly.
11) A poor conductor. Water conducts heat badly, which is why it is heated mainly by convection currents.
12) Conductor. It is an alloy of metals, so heat travels through it easily.

Exercise 3 of 3 · 9 questions

Explain in two or three sentences.

Write the answer · Practice

Here’s one done for you

Two thin blankets: the trapped layer of air between them is a poor conductor, so body heat escapes more slowly than through one thick blanket. Notice that the answer is not about thickness at all - it is about the air. Nearly every 'why is this warmer' question in this chapter has trapped air as the answer, and spotting that pattern is worth more than remembering five separate explanations.

1)Why do we wear light-coloured clothes in summer?
2)Why are two thin blankets warmer than one thick blanket?
3)Why is the space between the two walls of a thermos flask emptied of air?
4)Why does a sea breeze blow from the sea towards the land during the day?
5)Why does a clinical thermometer have a much shorter range than a laboratory one?
6)Why are cooking pans given wooden or plastic handles?
7)Why is a land breeze the opposite of a sea breeze?
8)Why does a woollen sweater keep you warm even though wool itself gives out no heat?
9)Why should a clinical thermometer never be held by its bulb?

Answers

1) Because light colours reflect most of the heat radiation falling on them, while dark colours absorb it. Less heat is absorbed, so we feel cooler.
2) Because a layer of air is trapped between them, and air is a poor conductor of heat. That trapped layer slows the escape of body heat more than the extra thickness alone would.
3) Because a vacuum has no material in it, and both conduction and convection need a medium to travel through. Removing the air stops heat entering or leaving by either mode.
4) Because land heats up faster than the sea during the day. The warm air over the land rises, and cooler air from over the sea moves in to take its place - which is the breeze.
5) Because it only ever measures human body temperature, so a range of about 35°C to 42°C is enough. A laboratory thermometer has to measure a much wider range, from below 0°C to above 100°C.
6) Because the pan itself must be a good conductor to cook the food, but the handle must not be, or it would burn the hand. Wood and plastic are insulators, so they stay cool.
7) Because at night the land cools faster than the sea. The warmer air over the sea now rises and cooler air from the land moves out to take its place, so the breeze blows the other way.
8) Because it traps a layer of air in its fibres, and air is a poor conductor. That trapped air slows the escape of the heat your own body is producing.
9) Because the hand's own warmth would pass into the bulb and raise the reading. It should be held by the stem, well away from the mercury or the sensing tip.

While your child works

Ask 'what is carrying the heat?' every time. A solid means conduction, a moving liquid or gas means convection, nothing at all means radiation.
Trapped air explains most of this chapter - blankets, sweaters, birds fluffing their feathers, double walls. Say it once and the chapter halves.
This is the easiest Class 7 chapter to make real. A spoon in hot water, a dark cloth and a white cloth in the sun - five minutes each.

Open the Heat worksheet on its own page

What changes in Science at Class 7?

Class 6 Science asked what things are. Class 7 asks how they work, and that single change is behind most of the marks lost this year.

Almost every chapter becomes a process. Photosynthesis is a sequence, not a fact. Neutralisation is a reaction between two named things. Heat transfer is a mode plus the medium carrying it. In each case the name alone is half an answer.

Two-part answers become the norm. Name the part and say what it does. Name the mode and say why that one. Name the acid and say what neutralises it. Children who did well in Class 6 by naming things correctly find that the same answers now score half.

'What would happen if' questions arrive. Grease the leaves, keep the plant in the dark, empty the air out. These cannot be memorised, which is exactly why they are asked - and they are the best test at home of whether a chapter has actually landed.

How should we use these at home?

Twenty to twenty-five minutes each, once or twice a week. Every exercise opens with one question worked through in full, because the shape of the answer is what is being practised rather than the facts.

Ask 'and what does it do?' whenever an answer stops at a name. That one prompt recovers most of the marks lost in Class 7 Science.
Ask 'what is carrying the heat?' in the heat sheet, and 'which acid or base?' in the acids one.
Do the 'what would happen if' questions properly. They cannot be memorised, which is what makes them worth the time.
Let your child mark their own work. Every answer is on the page for exactly that reason.

Where do Class 7 children usually stall in Science?

Three places, and none of them is about knowing less.

Stopping at the name. 'Chlorophyll' rather than 'chlorophyll, which captures the energy of sunlight'. 'Conduction' rather than 'conduction, because the heat travels through the solid'. The Class 6 habit meeting a Class 7 standard.
Describing instead of explaining. 'Wool is warm' describes what happens; 'wool traps air, and air is a poor conductor' explains it. Only the second gets the mark.
Treating acids and bases as memory work. The five neutralisation questions are one question in five costumes - antacid, ant sting, acidic soil, factory waste, turmeric stain. Seeing that makes the chapter a third of its apparent size.

All three carry into the board years, where an answer that stops at the name costs a great deal more. See Class 7 Science tuition for how we teach it, or Science tuition for the whole Class 6 to 10 chain.

Questions parents ask

Class 7 Science worksheets - your questions

Are these Class 7 Science worksheets free?

Yes. Every question and every answer is on this page, with no sign-up, no email wall and no account. The printable version puts the answers on a separate final sheet.

Do these include an answer key?

Yes, written out in full sentences with the reason included, because the reason is what Class 7 Science actually marks.

My child knows the facts but loses marks. Why?

Because Class 7 answers are two-part. Name the thing, then say what it does. 'Chlorophyll' is half an answer; 'chlorophyll, which captures the energy of sunlight' is a whole one, and the second half is where the mark sits.

What are the raw materials for photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide and water, with sunlight as the energy source and chlorophyll as what captures it. The products are a carbohydrate stored as starch and oxygen released through the stomata.

How do I explain conduction, convection and radiation simply?

Ask what is carrying the heat. Through a solid that stays still is conduction. Carried by a liquid or gas that moves is convection. Nothing carrying it at all is radiation, which is how the Sun's heat crosses space.

Are these matched to NCERT?

They are written to the reasoning Class 7 Science expects rather than to one book's chapter order, so they work whether your school uses NCERT's Curiosity or its own text.

How long should a Class 7 child spend on one sheet?

Twenty to twenty-five minutes. If it runs much longer, work through the worked examples together first - the difficulty is usually the answer format rather than the science.

Can I print these worksheets?

Yes. They print cleanly on A4 with the answers on a separate final page, and nothing needs to be downloaded or signed up for.

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Class 7 Science worksheets, free, with every answer on the page

The worksheets themselves

Nutrition in plants

Acids, bases and salts

Heat and its transfer

Class 7 Science - the guide

What changes in Science at Class 7?

How should we use these at home?

Where do Class 7 children usually stall in Science?

Class 7 Science worksheets - your questions

Worksheets are free. So is the first class.

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